This poster outlines the key Science and Engineering Practices (SEPs) as defined by the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS). Understanding and applying these practices is crucial for success in science and engineering fields, fostering critical thinking, problem-solving, and innovation. This guide provides a visual and textual overview to aid educators and students alike.
What are Science and Engineering Practices?
The SEPs aren't simply a list of activities; they are a way of thinking and working. They represent the core skills scientists and engineers use to investigate the world, build solutions, and advance knowledge. These practices are interconnected and often used simultaneously.
The Eight Science and Engineering Practices (SEPs):
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Asking Questions and Defining Problems: This involves identifying a question or problem that can be investigated scientifically or addressed through engineering design. This includes formulating testable questions and defining criteria for success in engineering.
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Developing and Using Models: Models are representations of systems or phenomena that help us understand complex concepts. This practice includes creating, using, revising, and evaluating models to explain observations, make predictions, or solve problems. Examples include diagrams, simulations, and physical models.
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Planning and Carrying Out Investigations: This focuses on designing and conducting experiments or investigations to test hypotheses or gather data. This includes choosing appropriate tools and techniques, collecting and recording data meticulously, and controlling variables effectively.
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Analyzing and Interpreting Data: Once data is collected, this practice involves organizing, representing, and analyzing it to identify trends, patterns, and relationships. This includes using mathematical and statistical tools, creating graphs and charts, and drawing conclusions based on evidence.
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Using Mathematics and Computational Thinking: This highlights the role of mathematics and computation in analyzing data, developing models, and making predictions. It includes using mathematical equations, algorithms, simulations, and programming to solve problems.
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Constructing Explanations and Designing Solutions: This practice focuses on creating logical explanations based on evidence and designing solutions to engineering problems. It includes developing models, formulating arguments supported by evidence, and justifying design choices.
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Engaging in Argument from Evidence: This involves evaluating competing explanations or solutions based on evidence. This includes constructing arguments, critiquing the reasoning of others, and refining explanations or solutions based on feedback.
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Obtaining, Evaluating, and Communicating Information: This practice emphasizes the importance of accessing and critically evaluating information from various sources. It includes identifying credible sources, interpreting information, and communicating findings clearly and effectively through different mediums.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
How are the Science and Engineering Practices different?
While both utilize similar skills, the focus differs. Science practices emphasize understanding the natural world through investigation and explanation, whereas engineering practices focus on designing solutions to problems. However, they are deeply intertwined, often overlapping in real-world applications.
Are these practices only for scientists and engineers?
No! These practices are valuable skills for everyone. They promote critical thinking, problem-solving, and innovation—skills applicable to many areas of life, from everyday decision-making to complex professional challenges.
How can I teach these practices effectively?
Focus on inquiry-based learning, providing students with opportunities to actively engage in investigations, design solutions, and communicate their findings. Use real-world examples and connect the practices to students' interests. Encourage collaboration and communication among students.
How can I assess student understanding of the SEPs?
Assessment should focus on students' ability to apply the practices, not just their knowledge of them. Use a variety of assessment methods, including observations, projects, presentations, and written work. Focus on the process as well as the product.
This poster aims to be a quick reference guide. For a deeper understanding, explore resources on the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS). Remember, mastering the SEPs empowers learners to become critical thinkers and innovative problem solvers.
